Olga Gennadyevna Golovkina (????? ??????????? ?????????; born 17 December 1986 in Perm) is a Russian athlete.
She won the gold medal in the 5000 m at the 2012 European Athletics Championships in Helsinki in a time of 15:11.70 minutes.
Golovkina finished second in the 5000m at the 2013 Summer Universiade in Kazan behind Roxana Bârca of Romania.
She was subsequently upgraded to first place after Bârca failed the post-race doping control, even though Golovkina herself then tested positive in an out-of-competition drugs test just five days after the race, for use of the prohibited anabolic steroid Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone.
Golovkina was given a two-year ban from competition for her failed test, lasting from 16 July 2013 to 1 August 2015.