Lucinda Backwell (born 1966) is an archaeologist and a member of the Academy of Science of South Africa.
She obtained her MSc in palaeoanthropology (cum laude) from the University of the Witwatersrand Medical School in 2000.
Her PhD in palaeoanthropology was awarded in 2004, making her the first South African woman to be awarded a PhD in palaeoanthropology at a local institution.
In 2011 she was promoted to senior researcher at the Evolutionary Studies Institute of the University of the Witwatersrand, where she taught introductory courses on human evolution and taphonomy and supervised postgraduates on various topics, including fossil assemblages from caves in the Cradle of Humankind.
In 2017 she moved to Argentina and became associated with Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales (CONICET), Argentina.
She has been published 40 times and has been involved in 11 documentaries.
Her research interests include taphonomy, archaeology, paleontology and ethnoarchaeology.