Date of Birth: 
Place of Birth: Jakarta, Indonesia
About Arief Budiman
- Arief Budiman (born Soe Hok Djin; January 3, 1939) (Chinese: ???) is the older brother of Soe Hok Gie.
- He graduated from Kolese Kanisius, a Jesuit high school and then Universitas Indonesia where he earned a bachelor's degree in psychology in 1968.
- In 1980, he earned his Ph.D.
- in sociology from Harvard University, United States.
- He is a Chinese Indonesian sociologist and was a lecturer at the Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga, Indonesia until 1996.
- From 1997 until the time of this writing, he is a professor in Indonesian studies in University of Melbourne, Australia. He is a vocal critic of Indonesian politics.
- For example, he is quoted in Adam Schwarz's book A Nation in Waiting (1994 edition) as having elucidated the following analysis of third world democracy in 1992, while Suharto was still in power: "The first is what I would call loan democracy.
- This democracy exists when the state is very strong so it can afford to be criticised.
- A sort of democratic space then emerges in which people can express their opinions freely.
- However, when the state thinks the criticism has gone too far, it will simply take back the democracy that it has only lent.
- The people have no power to resist.
- There is, second, limited democracy.
- This democracy exists only when there is a conflict among the state elites ...
- People can criticise one faction of the 'powers that be' and be protected by the opposite faction ...
- However, when the conflict within the elite is over, this democratic space will probably disappear also."
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