Ananías Maidana (26 July 1923 – 30 October 2010) was a teacher and politician in Paraguay.
For years he was a political prisoner under the dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner.
He later became secretary-general of the Paraguayan Communist Party, and in the 2008 election he was a candidate for the senate for the Socialist Patriotic Alliance, the political coalition in which the PCP participated.