She was a member of federal parliament for almost 30 years, the longest period of service by a woman.
A member of the Liberal Party, she was a minister in the Howard Government from 1996 to 2001 and Speaker of the House of Representatives from 2013 to 2015.
Bishop was born in Sydney and worked as a lawyer before entering politics.
She served as state president of the New South Wales Liberals from 1985 to 1987, and then won election to the Senate at the 1987 federal election.
She became the state's second female senator and the first to be popularly elected.
In 1994 Bishop switched to the House of Representatives, winning a by-election for the Division of Mackellar.
She was a shadow minister under John Hewson, Alexander Downer, and John Howard.
In 1996 Bishop was appointed Minister for Defence Industry, Science and Personnel in the newly-elected Howard Government.
She was made Minister for Aged Care in 1998, but lost her place in the ministry after the 2001 election.
Bishop returned to the shadow ministry after the Liberal–National Coalition lost the 2007 election.
In 2013, following the election of the Abbott Government, she was elected Speaker of the House.
She resigned in mid-2015 after being caught in the centre of a travel-expenses scandal, and was defeated for Liberal preselection at the 2016 election, ending her parliamentary career.
As of 2019 she is a political commentator at Sky News Live.