Claude Frédéric-Armand Schaeffer (March 6, 1898 – August 25, 1982) was a French archeologist, born in Strasbourg, who led the French excavation team that began working on the site of Ugarit, the present day Ras Shamra in 1929, leading to the uncovering of the Ugaritic religious texts.He was curator for the Prehistoric and Gallo-Roman Museum, Strasbourg (1924–1933) and for the Museum of National Antiquities, Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1933–1956).
Schaeffer was an advocate of catastrophism.
He argued that on at least five occasions catastrophic events (such as earthquakes) had destroyed Bronze Age civilizations.