Damião Barbosa de Araújo (27 September 1778 – 20 April 1856) was a Brazilian composer.
He was born on the Island of Itaparica and died in the city of Salvador.
He is most known for his opera A intriga amorosa, which premiered in 1810 at the Teatro do Guadelupe in Salvador.
Araújo was the son of a shoemaker and worked for the Brotherhood of Santa Cecilia from 1819.
He joined the orchestra of the Imperial Chapel in Rio de Janeiro as a violinist in 1822.
In this period he met the organist and composer Marcos Portugal (1762-1830) and José Maurício Nunes Garcia (1767-1830).
Araújo returned to Salvador in to become the Master of Music of the Cathedral of Salvador in 1818, succeeding Alexandre da Fonseca.
Araújo composed a work for full orchestra for the reopening and dedication mass of the Church of the Third Order of Saint Francis; it was performed on July 5, 1835.
The score for the work is stored in the archive of the church.