Alexander Mikhailovich Orlov (Russian: ????????? ?????????? ?????, born Leiba Lazarevich Feldbin; 21 August 1895 – 25 March 1973), was a Colonel in the Soviet secret police and NKVD Rezident in the Second Spanish Republic.
In 1938, Orlov refused to return to the Soviet Union because he realized that he would be executed, and instead fled with his family to the United States.
He is known mostly for secretly transporting the entire gold reserve of the Spanish Republic to the USSR and for his book, The Secret History of Stalin's Crimes.
Throughout his career, Orlov was also known under the names of Lev Lazarevich Nikolsky, Lev Leonidovich Nikolaev, SCHWED (his OGPU/NKVD code name), Leo Feldbiene (as in his Austrian passport), William Goldin (as in his US passport), Koornick (the name of his Jewish relatives living in the US).
Travelling in the United States, he often registered under the names of Alexander L.