Emerson Greenaway (May 25, 1906 – April 8, 1990) was an American librarian of considerable note, particularly during the Cold War era of the 1950s.
During his long career, he acted as the director of the Enoch Pratt Free Library of Baltimore, the director of the Free Library of Philadelphia and as a director of the American Library Association.
He was also a highly respected scholar and an advocate for intellectual freedom in wartime.
Greenaway also came under fire for his participation in anti-communist government committees.
In 1999, American Libraries named Greenaway as one of the one hundred most important library figures of the 20th century.