Prior to his appointment to the Roman Curia, he held several diocesan bishop positions in the Philippines, the last of which was Archbishop of Nueva Segovia from 1982–1986.
He was ordained a priest on May 12, 1946.
He was consecrated bishop on May 12, 1968, following his appointment as Auxiliary Bishop of Nueva Cáceres, and was elevated to cardinal on June 28, 1991, by Pope John Paul II.