Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Duke of Nassau (1839–1966), later Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1890–1905)

Date of Birth: 24-Jul-1817

Place of Birth: Biebrich Palace, Hesse, Germany

Date of Death: 17-Nov-1905

Profession: sovereign

Nationality: Luxembourg

Zodiac Sign: Leo

Adolphe (Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich; 24 July 1817 – 17 November 1905) was the last sovereign Duke of Nassau, reigning from 20 August 1839 until the duchy's annexation to Kingdom of Prussia in 1866.
In 1890, he became Grand Duke of Luxembourg following the death of King William III of the Netherlands, ending the personal union between the Netherlands and Luxembourg, until his own death in 1905.
He was the first monarch of Luxembourg from the House of Nassau-Weilburg. Adolphe became Duke of Nassau in August 1839, following the death of his father William.
After Austria's defeat in Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Duchy of Nassau was annexed to Kingdom of Prussia and he lost his throne. From 1815 to 1839, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was ruled by the kings of the Netherlands as a province of the Netherlands.
Following the Treaty of London (1839), Grand Duchy of Luxembourg became independent but remained in personal union with the Netherlands.
Following the death of his sons, King William III of the Netherlands had no male heirs to succeed him.
In the Netherlands, females were allowed to succeed to the throne.
Luxembourg, however, followed Salic law which barred females from succession.
Thus, upon King William III's death, the crown of the Netherlands passed to his only daughter, Wilhelmina, while that of Luxembourg passed to Adolphe in accordance with the Nassau Family Pact. Adolphe died in 1905 and was succeeded as Grand Duke of Luxembourg by his son, William IV.