Earlier, she had provided much needed support to yet another noted political activist, Dame ConcepciĆ³n Palacios Herrera so that she was able to study at the Normal School for Young Ladies, from which ConcepciĆ³n graduated in 1919 prior to her moving to Mexico to attend the Autonomopus University of Mexico's Medical School, graduating there as the first female physician as Nicaragua's history.
Josefa served as general director of education in 1924, the first woman of Nicaragua to be given such an office.
She graduated as one of the first from Colegio de SeƱoritas, the first secular college to admit women in Nicaragua, alongside among others, Carmela Noguera.
She was a leader of the women's rights movement in Nicaragua and published several works about this issue, and also founded a few papers about this issue, the first one being Revista Femenina Ilustrada (1918).
In 1920 she visited feminists in Cuba and the United States, including meeting with the suffragist Amelia Maiben de Ostolaza in Havana.
In 1940 she published a series of essays called "Feminism and Education."