James Crichton-Browne, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

    

James Crichton-Browne

British psychiatrist

Date of Birth: 29-Nov-1840

Place of Birth: Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom

Date of Death: 31-Jan-1938

Profession: photographer, psychiatrist, neuroscientist

Nationality: United Kingdom

Zodiac Sign: Sagittarius


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About James Crichton-Browne

  • Sir James Crichton-Browne MD FRS FRSE (29 November 1840 – 31 January 1938) was a leading British psychiatrist, neurologist and medical psychologist.
  • He is known for studies on the relationship of mental illness to brain injury and for the development of public health policies in relation to mental health.
  • Crichton-Browne's father was the asylum reformer Dr William A.F.
  • Browne, a prominent member of the Edinburgh Phrenological Society and, from 1838 until 1857, the superintendent of the Crichton Royal at Dumfries where Crichton-Browne spent much of his childhood. Crichton-Browne edited the highly influential West Riding Lunatic Asylum Medical Reports (six volumes, 1871–76).
  • He was one of Charles Darwin's major collaborators – on The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) – and, like Duchenne de Boulogne (at the Salpêtrière in Paris) and Hugh Welch Diamond in Surrey, was a pioneer of neuropsychiatric photography.
  • He based himself at the West Riding Lunatic Asylum in Wakefield from 1866 to 1875, and there he taught psychiatry to students from the nearby Leeds School of Medicine and, with David Ferrier, transformed the asylum into a world centre for neuropsychology.
  • Crichton-Browne then served as Lord Chancellor's Visitor from 1875 till 1922.
  • Throughout his career, Crichton-Browne emphasised the asymmetrical aspects of the human brain and behaviour; and also, like Emil Kraepelin and Alois Alzheimer, made some remarkable predictions about the neurological changes associated with severe psychiatric disorder. In 1920, Crichton-Browne delivered the first Maudsley Lecture to the Medico-Psychological Association in the course of which he outlined his recollections of Henry Maudsley; and in the last fifteen years of his life, he published seven volumes of reminiscences.
  • In 2015, UNESCO listed Crichton-Browne's clinical papers and photographs (about 5000 items in all) as items of international cultural importance.

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