Johannes "Macky" Steinhoff (15 September 1913 โ 21 February 1994) was a Luftwaffe fighter ace during World War II, German general, and NATO official.
He was one of very few Luftwaffe pilots who survived to fly operationally through the whole of the war period 1939โ45.
He was also one of the highest-scoring pilots with 176 victories, and one of the first to fly the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter in combat as a member of the Jagdverband 44 squadron led by Adolf Galland.
Steinhoff was decorated with the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords, and later received the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany and several foreign awards including the American Legion of Merit and the French Legion of Honour.
He played a role in the so-called Fighter Pilots Conspiracy when several senior air force officers confronted Hermann Gรถring late in the war.
Steinhoff joined the West German government's Rearmament Office as a consultant on military aviation in 1952 and became one of the principal officials tasked with building the German Air Force during the Cold War.
He became the German Military Representative to the NATO Military Committee in 1960, served as Acting Commander Allied Air Forces Central Europe in NATO 1965โ1966, as Inspector of the Air Force 1966โ1970 and as Chairman of the NATO Military Committee 1971โ1974.
In retirement, Steinhoff became a widely read author of books on German military aviation during the Second World War and the experiences of the German people at that time.
He was the father-in-law of economics professor and former American Republican politician Michael Bird.
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