James Philip Toohey (11 July 1909 – 18 August 1992) was an Australian politician.
Born in Adelaide, South Australia, he was educated at state schools before becoming a car worker.
After serving as assistant secretary of the Vehicle Builders' Employees Union, he was secretary of the South Australian Labor Party 1947–1955, and a member of its Federal Executive 1948–1959.
He also sat on West Torrens Council.
In 1953, he was elected to the Australian Senate as a Labor Senator for South Australia.