John Lewis Waller (January 12, 1850 – 1907) was an African-American lawyer, politician, journalist, publisher, businessman, military leader, and diplomat whose rise culminated in his becoming the United States consul to Madagascar.
He was the grandfather of Negro World editor, poet, composer, and lyricist Andy Razaf.
(Razaf's frequent collaborator, musician Fats Waller, was no relation.)
Waller was born to enslaved parents in New Madrid County, Missouri.
At the end of the American Civil War, he moved with his family to a farm in Tama County, Iowa.
Waller's formal education, begun in 1863, ended with his graduation from high school in Toledo, Iowa.