Carlo Maria Croce (born December 17, 1944) is an Italian-American professor of medicine at Ohio State University, specializing in oncology and noted for research into the genetic mechanisms of cancer.
Croce's work focuses on microRNAs and their role in oncology.
His research has attracted public attention because of multiple allegations of scientific misconduct.
Croce received numerous awards, including the 2006 Clowes Memorial Award from the American Association for Cancer Research for his discoveries of the molecular mechanisms of leukemia.
In 2010, he was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.Croce was the director of Human Cancer Genetics, chairman of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics.
A statement from OSU reported that "[e]ffective January 1, 2019, Carlo Croce will no longer be the chair" of the Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics.
Croce, who subsequently sued OSU to reclaim that position, was denied a temporary restraining order that he sought in order to be reinstated.