Nicolae Popescu (Romanian: [niko'la.e po'pesku]; 22 September 1937 – 29 July 2010) was a Romanian mathematician and professor at the University of Bucharest.
He also held a research position at the Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy, and was elected a Member of the Romanian Academy in 1992.
He is best known for his contributions to algebra and the theory of abelian categories.
From 1964 to 2007 he collaborated with Pierre Gabriel on the characterization of abelian categories; their best-known result is the Gabriel–Popescu theorem.
His areas of expertise were category theory, abelian categories with applications to rings and modules, adjoint functors, limits and colimits, the theory of sheaves, the theory of rings, fields and polynomials, and valuation theory.
He also had interests and published in the following areas: algebraic topology, algebraic geometry, commutative algebra, K-theory, class field theory, and algebraic function theory.
Popescu published between 1962 and 2008 more than 102 papers in peer-reviewed, mathematics journals, several monographs on the theory of sheaves, and also six books on abelian category theory and abstract algebra.
In a Grothendieck-like, energetic style, he initiated and provided scientific leadership to several seminars on category theory, sheaves and abstract algebra which resulted in a continuous stream of high-quality mathematical publications in international, peer-reviewed mathematics journals by several members participating in his Seminar series.
His book Abelian Categories with Applications to Rings and Modules continues to provide valuable information to mathematicians around the world.