Mahmoud al-Zahar (Arabic: ????? ??????? Ma?mud az-Zahhar) (born 1945) is a Palestinian politician.
He is a co-founder of Hamas and a member of the Hamas leadership in the Gaza Strip.
Since the formation of the Hamas/"Change and Reform" government in the Palestinian National Authority in March 2006, al-Zahar has served as foreign minister in the government of prime minister Ismail Haniyeh.
Prior to that he was seen as a major candidate among the Hamas members elected to the Palestinian Legislative Council for prime minister, as he was at that time the most senior official within the organization.
His son, a member of the Hamas military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, was killed by Israeli fire in Gaza on 5 January 2008.