Ralph Townsend (November 27, 1900 – January 25, 1976) was an American author, consul and political activist noted for his opposition to the entry of the United States into World War II.
He served in the foreign service as a consul stationed in Canada and China from 1931 to 1933.
Shortly after returning to the United States he came to prominence through his book Ways That Are Dark: The Truth About China, a harsh critique of Chinese culture which became a widely controversial bestseller.
Townsend became a prominent advocate of non-interventionism, and in the 1930s and 1940s was well known for his vocal opposition to the Roosevelt administration's foreign policy from a pro-Japanese and pro-neutrality point of view.
Following the US entry into World War II Townsend was arrested for acting as a Japanese agent without registering under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.
He pleaded guilty, admitting that he had accepted payments before the war from a propaganda organization funded by the Japanese government, but denying that he was a Japanese agent.
He received a prison sentence and while serving was involved in the Great Sedition Trial.
After the war Townsend moved to Fairfax, Virginia, where he died on 25 January 1976.
His writings continue to be influential in far-right circles.