Mecislovas Gedvilas (October 19, 1901 – February 15, 1981) was a Lithuanian politician who collaborated with occupying Soviet forces.
He served as the first Prime Minister of the Lithuanian SSR from 1940 to 1956.
Rivalry between him and Antanas Snieckus, the first secretary of the Lithuanian Communist Party, led to his demotion to Minister of Education (1957–1973).