Vitaliy Kalynychenko (Ukrainian: ??????? ???????????, January 31, 1938 - April 27, 2017) was a member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group.
Kalynychenko's first transgression of Soviet law was his nonagreement to work for the KGB.
He was approached in 1964 to act as an informant, but his unwillingness to do so caused him to be arrested by a fellow student in 1965.
He was released without charge, and worked in Leningrad as an electrical engineer.