Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann (German pronunciation: ['lu?tv?ç 'b?lt?sman]; February 20, 1844 – September 5, 1906) was an Austrian physicist and philosopher.
His greatest achievement was in the development of statistical mechanics, which explains and predicts how the properties of atoms (such as mass, charge, and structure) determine the physical properties of matter (such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and diffusion).
Boltzmann coined the word ergodic while he was working on a problem in statistical mechanics.