Franz Kaspar Hesselbach (January 27, 1759 – July 24, 1816) was a German surgeon and anatomist who was a native of Hammelburg.
He was a pupil, and later Prosector under Karl Kaspar von Siebold (1736–1807) at Würzburg.
Later Hesselbach was a lecturer at Würzburg, where one of his students was Konrad Johann Martin Langenbeck (1776–1851).
His son, Adam Kaspar Hesselbach (1788–1856) was also a surgeon.
As a surgeon, Hesselbach is best known for his work with hernia operations.
He was the first to describe a handful of anatomical structures, such as the cribriform fascia (Hesselbach's fascia), interfoveolar ligament (Hesselbach's ligament) and the inguinal triangle (Hesselbach's triangle).