Tharman Shanmugaratnam (Tamil: ?????? ??????????????; Chinese: ???; pinyin: Shà ng Dámà n; born 25 February 1957) is a Singaporean politician and economist.
He was appointed Senior Minister of Singapore on 1 May 2019, after serving as Deputy Prime Minister for eight years.
He is also Coordinating Minister for Social Policies, and advises the Prime Minister on economic policies.
Tharman is concurrently the Chairman of the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), Singapore's central bank and financial regulator.
In addition to his responsibilities in the Government, he is Deputy Chairman of the GIC and chairs its Investment Strategies Committee.
Tharman chairs the Group of Thirty, an independent global council of economic and financial leaders.
He also chaired the G20 Eminent Persons Group on Global Financial Governance which in October 2018 proposed reforms for a more effective system of global finance for development, sustainability and financial stability.
He earlier led the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC), the key policy forum of the IMF, for four years (2011 to 2014); he was its first Asian chair.
He currently also co-chairs the Advisory Board for the UN's 2019 Human Development Report, focused on inequality; and serves as a member of the World Economic Forum Board of Trustees.
Tharman has spent his working life in public service, in roles principally related to economic and social policies.
He served as Deputy Prime Minister from 2011-2019, and served also as Coordinating Minister for Economic and Social Policies for four years (from 2015).
Prior to that, he was Minister for Finance for eight years (from 2007), and Minister for Education for five years (from 2003).